12Cr1MoV合金钢管焊接工艺、焊后热处理、检验

[ 关键词：12Cr1MoV合金钢管 合金钢管的焊接工艺 　发表日期：2013-11-03 ]

12Cr1MoV合金钢管的焊接工艺

　　12Cr1MoV GANGZHONGDE Cr、Mo、V DENGQIANGLIEDETANHUAWUXINGCHENGYUANSUYOUSHIJIETOUGUOREQUCHAN SHENGZAIRELIEWENDEQINGXIANG。POKOUJIJIAGONGHOU（HANJIEQIAN）MT JIANCHA，WULIEWEN、WUQUEXIAN，HANQIANPOKOUJI ZHOUWEIBIAOMIANQINGLI（YOUWU、CHUXIUDENG）ZHIJIANJINSHUGUANGZE；POKOUZHUANGPEIBIMIANQIANGZHIZUDUI。

　　HANJIEQIANZHENGTIHUOJUBUYURE，HANFENGLIANGBIANGE 150mm FANWEINEIBAOZHENGYUREWENDU 250～300 DU；CENG JIANWENDUYINGZAIYUREWENDUKONGZHIFANWEINEI。 GTAW（CHUN Ar QITIBAOHU）：JIANYICAIYONG TIG-R31（HAN V）HANSI，ZHIJING 2.5mm，DIANLIU 100～ 140A。 RUGUOYOUYIDINGBIHOU，GUANJINGBUSHIHENXIAODEHUA，JIANYICAIQU GTAW+SMAW。 SMAW：HANTIAOCAIYONG R337，GUIGEKEYIANSHIJIQINGKUANGLAIDING。 HANJIEWANCHENGHOUQINGLIFEIJIAN，JIAREZHI 350～450℃，BAOWENBINGHUANLENGDEHOURECUOSHI。 12Cr1MoV ZUIHAOCAIYONGXIANGYINGCHENGFENDENAIREGANGHANTIAO，RU R310、R312、R317、R316Fe，HAN QIANYURE 250～350℃，HANHOUHUIHUOCHULI 710～750℃。 HANBUQUEXIANHUOHANHOUBUNENGJINXINGRECHULISHI，YEKECAIYONGAOSHITIGANGHANTIAO，RU A302、A307。ZHEISHI， YOUYUHANFENGYUMUCAIPENGZHANGXISHUBUTONG，TONGSHIZAIZHANGQIGAOWENGONGZUOSHIHAIKEFASHENGTANDEKUOSANQIANYIXIANXIANG，ER YIYUDAOZHIZAIRONGHEQUFASHENGPOHUAI。SUOYI，XUANYONGAOSHITIHANTIAOSHIYAOSHENZHONG。

　　12Cr1MoV ZHUGUANGTINAIREGANGGUANHANJIEGONGYI 12Cr1MoV SHIWOGUOSHIYONGGUANGFANDEZHUGUANGTINAIREGANGZHIYI，ZHUYAOYONGYUZHIZAOGUANBIWENDUXIAOYU 580℃ DEGUOLUGUOREGUAN、LIANXIANGHEZHUQIGUANDAO。ZAI 12t/h SHUANGQIBAOHENGZHISHIFEITENGLUZHIZAOGUOCHENGZHONG，GUOLUDEZHENG QICHUKOUWENDUWEI 450℃，ZUIGAOGONGZUOYALIWEI 3.8MPa，ANSHEJITUZHIYAOQIUCAIYONG 12Cr1MoV ZHUGUANGTI NAIREGANGGUAN（φ159mm×10mm）ZUOWEIGUOREQILIANXIANGGUAN，YIMANZUCHANPINDESHIYONGYAOQIU。

1 焊接性分析

　　12Cr1MoV ZHUGUANGTINAIREGANGWEIDIHEJINNAIREGANG，CILEIGANGDE Cr HANLIANGJIAOGAO，ZAI 500-550℃SHI JUYOUJIAOGAODEREQIANGXINGHECHIJIUQIANGDU。12Cr1MoV GANGDEHUAXUECHENGFENJILIXUEXINGNENGJIANBIAO 1。

BIAO1 12Cr1MoV ZHUGUANGTINAIREGANGHUAXUECHENGFENHELIXUEXINGNENG

化学成分%								力学性能
C	Mn	Si	Ci	Mo	V	S	P	σb/MPa	σs/ MPa	δ5/%
0.12	0.60	0.35	1.10	0.31	0.19	0.013	0.022	436	217	22

ZHU：BIAOZHONGSHUJUWEIHANJIESHIJIANMUCAIFUYANJIEGUO YOUBIAO 1 KEJIAN，12Cr1MoV GANGDETANJIHEJINYUANSUHANLIANGJIAODUO，CUIYINGMINGANXINGJIAODA，YIZAIHANFENGJI 12Cr1MoV REYINGXIANGQUCHUXIANCUIYINGZUZHI。ZAIJIETOUGANGXINGJIYINGLIJIAODASHI，YICHANSHENGLENGLIEWEN。YOUYUGUORELIANXIANGSHIZAI JIAOGAOWENDUXIAGONGZUODESHOUYAYUANJIAN，HANJIESHIYINGCAIQUBIYAODEGONGYICUOSHI，SHIHANJIEJIETOUYOUZUGOUDEREQIANG XINGNENG，BAOZHENGGUORELIANXIANGANQUANYUNXING。

2．合金钢管焊接工艺

2.1 HANJIEFANGFA

　　ZAIZHENGQIGUANDAODEGUANZIDUIJIESHI，DUIDADIHANFENGDEZHILIANGYAOQIUJIAOGAO，BUJINYAOQIUHANFENGRONGTOU、BEIMIAN QIPING，HAIYAOQIUHANFENGBEIMIANWUZHAHUOSHAOZHA，FOUZEHUIYINGXIANGSHEBEIDEANQUANYUNXING。YINCI，CAIYONGSHOUGONGWUJI YAHUHAN（TIG）DADI，SHOUGONGDIANHUHAN（SMAW）TIANCHONGHEGAIMIANDEHANJIEGONGYIFANGFA。

2.2 POKOUCHICUN

　　XUANYONGDANMIAN V XINGPOKOU，POKOUCHICUNJIANTU 1。YONGJIXIEFANGFAJIAGONG，YINGYANGEKONGZHIGENBUJIANXIHEPO KOUDUNBIANCHICUN，YIQUEBAODADIHANFENGCHEDIRONGTOU。

2.3 HANJIECAILIAOXUANZE

　　SHOUGONGWUJIYAHUHAN（TIG）XUANYONG:TIC-R31 HANSI，HANSIZHIJINGWEI φ2.5mm。 SHOUGONGDIANHUHAN（SMAW）XUANYONG:R307（E5515-B2）HANTIAO，ZHIJINGWEI φ3.2mm、φ4mm。

2.4 HANJIEZHUNBEI

2.4.1 HANQIANZHUNBEI

　　1）焊前应把坡口两侧管子内外各 20～30mm 范围打磨干净，直至露出金属光泽，确 保无油渍、铁锈、水份、氧化物或其他有害的物质。
　　2）氩弧焊用焊丝表面不得有油脂、铁锈等污物。电弧焊的焊条，在焊前须经 350～ 400℃烘干 1～2h，且在 120℃保温筒存放，随用随取。
　　3）采用 3～4 块锲形块（材料与母材相同或接近）均为分布定位焊在坡口上，对接 口必须平齐，错边量不得大于 0.5mm，定位焊的焊材及焊接参数与正式施焊相同。并且 在预热的状态下进行定位焊。

2.4.2 HANQIANYURE

　　YURESHIZHUGUANGTINAIREGANGHANJIEDEZHONGYAOCUOSHI。YUREKEYIJIANMANHANFENGJIREYINGXIANGQUDELENGQUESUDU， YOULIYUBIMIANCHANSHENGCUIYINGZUZHI，YOUZHUYUHANJIEQUDEQINGDEYICHU，FANGZHICHANSHENGHANJIELIEWEN。YOUYU 12Cr1MoV GANGDETANHANLIANGJIHEJINYUANSUDEHANLIANGJIAOGAO，SUOYIXUANZEYUREWENDUWEI 200～300℃，YURE QUYUYIHANFENGWEIZHONGXIN，LIANGCEZHISHAOWEI 100mm。ZAIZHENGGEHANJIEGUOCHENGZHONG，YINGBAOCHICENGJIANWENDUBUDIYUYU REWENDU。

2.5 HANJIE

2.5.1 HANJIECANSHU

　　HANJIE 12Cr1MoV GANGSHI，YINGCAIYONGJIAOXIAODEHANJIEXIANNENGLIANG，YIJIANXIAOHANJIEYINGLI，JIANSHAOHANJIEGUORE QUKUANDU，XIHUAPINLI，TIGAOHANFENGJINSHUDEKANGLIEXINGNENG，HANJIECANSHUJIANBIAO 2。

BIAO2 HANJIECANSHU

焊接 方法	层次	焊材牌号	焊丝（条） 直径/mm	极性	电流I/A	电压U/V	氩气流量 Q （L.min-1）
TIC	1	TIC-R31	2.5	直接 正接	105～125	10～12	8～10
SMAW	2	R307 (E5515-B2)	3.2	直流 反接	110～130	20～22	—
SMAW	3-4	R307 (E5515-B2)	4.0	直流 反接	160～180	22～24	—

2.5.2 HANJIECAOZUO

　　BUDANYAOYANGEKONGZHIHANJIEGUIFANCANSHU， ERQIEHANJIECAOZUODUIHANJIEJIETOUZHILIANG 12Cr1MoV GANGDEHANJIE， YOUZHEZHIGUANZHONGYAODEYINGXIANG。

　　1)YAHUHANDADIHAN。

　　JIANGGUANJIANCHUYUSHUIPINGZHUANDONGWEIHANJIE，HANJIESHICAIYONGDUANHU，HANQIANGJINKENENGYUGONG JIANBIAOMIANCHUIZHI，YOULIYUYAQIDUIHANJIERONGCHIDEBAOHU。HANQIANGHEHANSIKESHAOZUOHENGXIANGBAIDONG，BAOZHENGPOKOULIANG CERONGTOU。TONGSHI，YAOKONGZHIHAORONGCHIWENDUFANGZHICHANSHENGHANCHUANHEHANLIUQUEXIAN。ZAIJIETOUBUWEI，YAOYONGSHOUTISHA LUNDAMOHUKENG，JIANGHUKENGCHUDESHOUHULIEWENHEQIKONGDENGHANJIEQUEXIANQINGCHU，RANHOUJIXUYINHUHANJIE。

　　2)HANTIAODIANHUHANTIANCHONGHAN。

　　YINGCAIYONGDUANHUHANJIE，QIERESHURULIANGBUYIGUODA。RUOCAIYONGZHANGHUHANJIE， BUJINHUICHUXIANDIANHURANSHAOBUWENDING、RONGSHENQIAN、RONGHUAJINSHUFEIJIANDAJIHEJINYUANSUSHAOSUNJIAJUDENGWENTI，ER QIERONGYICHANSHENGYAOBIAN、WEIHANTOUDENGQUEXIAN，TONGSHIKONGQIZHONGDE N2、O2 DENGYOUHAIQITIYIJINRURONGCHI，ZAIHAN FENGZHONGXINGCHENGQIKONGQUEXIAN。 HANJIESHIHANTIAOKEZUOXIAOYUEYAXINGYUNTIAO， ZAIPOKOULIANGCEYAOTINGLIU 0.5～1S,HANJIECENG JIANBIXUCHEDIQINGLIHANZHA,FAXIANYOUQIKONGDENGHANJIEQUEXIANSHI,YONGSHOUTISHALUNJIANGHANJIEQUEXIANCHUDIAOSHOUHUSHIBI XUJIANGHUKENGTIANMAN，YIMIANCHANSHENGHUKENGLIEWEN。GECENGJIANDEJIETOUYINGCUOKAI，BUDEYOUZHONGDIE。

　　3)HANTIAODIANHUHANGAIMIANHAN。

　　HANJIEDIANLIUBITIANCHONGCENGSHAOXIAOXIE，YINGXUANZEZHENGQUEDEHANTIAOJIAODU，YUNTIAOYAO JUNYUN，FANGZHIZAIPOKOUBIANYUANCHANSHENGYAOBIANQUEXIAN。HANFENGYUGAOYAOKONGZHIZAI 1～3mm，BIMIANHANJIEJIETOUZAISHIYONG ZHONGCHANSHENGYINGLIJIZHONG。

3．焊后热处理

　　HANHOUXUJINXINGXIAOCHUYINGLIRECHULI， YIXIAOCHUHUOJIANSHAOYINGXIANGQUCHUXIANDE 12Cr1MoV GANGDEHANJIEJIETOU， CUIYINGZUZHI，ZENGJIASUXINGHERENXING，YOUXIAODIJIANSHAOHANJIECANYUYINGLI，TONGSHIYOULIYUKUOSANQINGDEYICHU，CONG ERJIANSHAOLENGLIEWENQINGXIANG。 SUOYI， HANJIEJIESHUSHI， YINGLIJICAIYONGBAOWENCAILIAOJIANGHANFENGHEJINFENGQUFUGAIBAOWEN, SHIJIETOUHUANMANLENGQUE.SUIHOU,ZAIJIANGHANJIANZHENGTIJIAREZHI 720-760℃，HENGWEN 1～2h HOU,SUILULENGQUEZHISHI WEN。

4．焊接检验

　　YIZHAOSHANGSHUHANJIEGONGYIJINXINGSHIJIANHANJIE， SHIJIANJINGWAIGUANJIANCHA、 CIFENTANSHANGHE X SHEXIANTANSHANGHEGEHOU， ZAISHIJIANSHANGJIEQULIXUEXINGNENGSHIYANG、JINXIANGJIANYANSHIYANGJINXINGJIANYAN。JIANYANJIEGUOJIANBIAO 3。

BIAO3 JIETOULIXUEXINGNENG

接头力学性能					金相组织
σb/MPa	σs/ MPa	断裂部位	90°面弯	90°背弯	焊缝	热影响区	母材
536	388	母材	完好	完好	铁素体+ 回火索氏体	少量魏氏体+铁素 体+回火索氏体	铁素体+ 珠光休

5 结论

1）12Cr1MoV 珠光体耐热钢管焊接必须控制好焊前预热、焊接规范参数、焊后热处 理等环节。
2）12Cr1MoV 珠光体耐热钢管采用手工钨极氩弧焊（TIG）打底，手工电弧焊（SMAW） 填充和盖面的焊接工艺是可行的，焊接接头能满足设备的使用要求。